What causes population decline?

A population decline happens when there are fewer people living in a place than before, like when your toy box gets emptier over time.

Sometimes people leave a town or city because they find better opportunities elsewhere. It’s like if you move from your old neighborhood to a new one with more fun things to do, the old neighborhood loses some of its kids.

Another reason is that not enough new people are moving in. Imagine your toy box gets smaller because no new toys come in, and some old ones get lost or broken, it's easier for the box to feel empty.

Sometimes, there aren’t as many babies being born as before. It’s like if fewer of your friends have new baby siblings, the group gets smaller over time.

If these things happen together, people leaving and not enough new ones coming in, or fewer babies being born, that's when a population starts to decline, just like how your toy box can get emptier day by day.