What causes extreme heat domes and longer heatwaves globally?

Extreme heat domes and longer heatwaves happen when hot air gets stuck on top of us like a lid on a pot.

Imagine you're cooking soup in a big pot, and you put a tight lid on it. The steam can't escape, it just keeps rising and heating up the soup more. That’s kind of what happens with heat domes: thick layers of hot air trap the heat near the ground, making it feel even hotter.

How Heat Gets Stuck

Sometimes, weather patterns act like a giant fan that pushes warm air upward, then stops. This creates a blanket of heat, which we call a heat dome. It’s like when you put your hand over a hot stove, the heat stays close and feels intense.

Why Heatwaves Last Longer

When this hot blanket doesn’t move, it keeps the heat going for days or even weeks. It's as if the sun is shining extra bright, but the air around you isn’t letting any coolness in, just like when your room gets really hot on a summer day and no breeze comes through the window.

So, extreme heat domes and longer heatwaves are just hot air being stuck, making everything feel warmer for longer.

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Examples

  1. A hot air bubble sits over a city like a blanket, keeping it super hot for days.
  2. Imagine a lid on a pot of boiling water, the heat can't escape easily.
  3. A heat dome acts like a giant invisible lid in the sky.

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