What Causes a ‘Lunar’ Eclipse?

Imagine the Earth is like a giant shield. During a lunar eclipse, the Earth blocks the sun’s light from reaching the moon, and it casts a shadow on the moon. The shadow isn’t black, it’s red because the Earth’s atmosphere bends the sunlight, making the moon look like it's wearing a red hat. It’s like when you shine a flashlight through a glass of water, and the light changes color.