What are linguistic universals?

All languages have some common features, just like all toys have something you can play with.

Imagine you're at a toy store, there are hundreds of different kinds of toys: cars, dolls, blocks, balls, and more. But no matter which toy you pick, they all let you play. In the same way, even though there are thousands of languages in the world, they all have something in common that helps people communicate.

Like a Playdate

Think about when you go to your friend's house for a playdate. You both might speak different languages, maybe one of you speaks English and the other speaks Spanish. But even if you don’t understand each other’s words, you can still play together using actions or pictures. This is like how all languages have some things in common, like having nouns, verbs, or ways to ask questions.

A Shared Playground

Just like every playground has swings, slides, and maybe a sandbox, every language has certain tools that help people talk. These shared tools are what we call linguistic universals. They’re the building blocks of all languages, just like swings and slides are the building blocks of a playground.

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Examples

  1. A child learning any language will naturally use basic words like 'mother' or 'water', showing common roots across all languages.
  2. Even in distant languages, people often greet each other with a smile and a wave, a universal nonverbal sign of friendliness.
  3. Many languages have similar sounds for simple ideas, like 'mama' or 'papa'.

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