How Does Supercooled Water Work?

Supercooled water is water that stays liquid even when it’s colder than freezing.

Imagine you have a glass of water on a very cold day, and instead of turning into ice like normal, it stays liquid, just like your favorite drink in the fridge. That's supercooled water!

Why does it stay liquid?

Normally, water turns to ice at 0°C (). But if there are no ice crystals to start with, the water can keep being a liquid even when it’s colder than that.

Think of it like a group of kids playing tag. If they all know where everyone is, they can stay running around without stopping, just like water staying liquid. But if one kid suddenly freezes and starts being “tagged,” it might start a chain reaction, like ice forming in water.

How do we make supercooled water?

Sometimes scientists use special tools to keep water from freezing, even when it's really cold. It’s like giving the kids playing tag a quiet signal so no one gets tagged, they can all stay running around without stopping!

Take the quiz →

Examples

  1. A bottle of supercooled water stays liquid even when it's below freezing, and then suddenly freezes when you shake it.
  2. Supercooled water can be used to make instant ice cream by shaking the container.
  3. If you leave a cup of supercooled water in the freezer for too long, it will freeze all at once.

Ask a question

See also

Discussion

Recent activity