How Do Artists Create the Illusion of Depth on a Flat Surface?

Artists use lines and size to make things look far away or close by. Imagine you're looking at a painting of a road that goes off into the distance, the artist makes the lines of the road meet in the middle, like they’re going toward a single point. This is called vanishing point. Also, objects that are farther away get smaller, just like how your toys look tiny from across the room!