How Do Artists Create the Illusion of Depth in a Painting?

Imagine you're looking at a picture of a house. To make it look like the house is far away, artists draw the roof smaller and the windows closer together. This trick makes things seem farther or nearer, just like when you squint your eyes to see something more clearly. Artists also use shadows and different colors to show where light comes from. Darker areas help make objects look like they're hiding behind others, adding even more depth.